The United States has a well-established net-pen salmon industry and an emerging industry for other marine fish, characterized by significant advancements in resource efficiency and environmental impact reduction over the past 40 years. The sector has managed to reduce fish meal and oil usage, minimize nutrient discharge effects, and control fish disease treatment, antibiotic use, and fish escapes, contributing to its evolution into an efficient food production system. These improvements are a result of advancements in science and technology, increased costs of fishmeal and fish oil, better management practices, and comprehensive regulatory measures, with existing U.S. laws effectively addressing most potential environmental impacts of net-pen aquaculture.