This dissertation by Daniel Rock explores the influence of intangible and technological investments on productivity growth, firm valuation, and human capital employment. One key finding is the development of a model illustrating the "Productivity J-Curve," which explains how early investments in AI and general-purpose technologies (GPTs) often lead to underestimated productivity that is later corrected as the benefits of these intangibles are realized. The dissertation also highlights the market value contribution of engineering talent, the potential impacts of machine learning on various tasks within occupations, and the shifts in employment due to the reduction in demand for routine tasks.